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Lea's Chemistry of Cement and Concrete, Fifth Edition, examines the suitability and durability of different types of cements and concretes, their manufacturing techniques and the role that aggregates and additives play in achieving concrete's full potential of delivering a high-quality, long-lasting, competitive and sustainable product.
Cement. --- Concrete --- Chemistry.
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This is the first book on Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC), an advanced concrete material attracting world-wide attention in both the academic community and in industry. The book presents a comprehensive coverage of the material design methodology, processing methodology, mechanical and durability properties, smart functions, and application case studies. It combines effective use of illustrations, graphical data, and tables. It de-emphasizes mathematics in favor of physical understanding. The book serves as an introduction to the subject matter, or as a reference to those conducting research in ECC. It will also be valuable to engineers who need to quickly search for relevant information in a single comprehensive text.
Cement composites. --- Cementitious composites --- Cement --- Composite materials --- Materials. --- Materials Science, general. --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Materials --- Materials science. --- Material science --- Physical sciences
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"Due to rising energy demand, the amount of coal utilization is escalating at a fast rate, leading to a rise in ash generation. Coal Fly Ash: Properties, Applications and Performance begins by presenting a study wherein the physiochemical properties of coal ash were analysed and based on that, their potential for reuse was identified. Next, the synergy between Portland cement and coal fly ash was investigated. Raw materials were characterized in terms of chemical and mineralogical composition and physical properties. Mortars were manufactured and the effect of the addition of different ratios of coal fly ash (0-80 wt %) as a partial substitute of Portland cement was studied. Following this, an investigation was carried out to explore the behaviour of coal ash with hydrated lime as mineral filler in hot mix asphalt, in an attempt to determine a sustainable solution for the management of coal ash in Mauritius. The closing chapter describes the synthesis process used to obtain zeolite Na-A from coal fly ash via fusion with NaOH followed by hydrothermal reaction. Coal fly ash is a low cost source of both silica and alumina. The molar ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 for zeolite 4A formation was achieved through the addition of sodium aluminate solution/aluminum waste as aluminum sources"--
Fly ash --- Portland cement --- Chemical tests and reagents. --- Asphalt emulsion mixtures. --- Recycling. --- Additives.
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Adhesives. --- Surface preparation. --- Preparation of surfaces --- Coating processes --- Finishes and finishing --- Sealing (Technology) --- Surfaces (Technology) --- Agglutinants --- Bonding agents (Adhesives) --- Binders (Materials) --- Cement --- Cements, Adhesive --- Glue --- Mucilage
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Artificial intelligence. Robotics. Simulation. Graphics --- Building materials. Building technology --- printing techniques --- cement [construction material] --- concrete --- 3-D printing --- Three-dimensional printing --- Industrial applications. --- 3D printing --- 3DP (Three-dimensional printing) --- Additive manufacturing --- technologische innovatie
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Climate change is one of the main threats to modern society. This phenomenon is associated with an increase in greenhouse gas (GHGs, mainly carbon dioxide—CO2) emissions due to anthropogenic activities. The main causes are the burning of fossil fuels and land use change (deforestation). Climate change impacts are associated with risks to basic needs (health, food security, and clean water), as well as risks to development (jobs, economic growth, and the cost of living). The processes involving CO2 capture and storage are gaining attention in the scientific community as an alternative for decreasing CO2 emissions, reducing its concentration in ambient air. The carbon capture and storage (CCS) methodologies comprise three steps: CO2 capture, CO2 transportation, and CO2 storage. Despite the high research activity within this topic, several technological, economic, and environmental issues as well as safety problems remain to be solved, such as the following needs: increase of CO2 capture efficiency, reduction of process costs, and verification of the environmental sustainability of CO2 storage.
normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) --- techno-economic analysis --- the Loess Plateau --- power-to-methane --- GHG mitigation --- CO2 capture and utilization --- cement production with CO2 capture --- oxyfuel --- knowledge mapping --- technological evolution --- CO2 capture --- CO2 capture in industry --- IGCC --- InVEST --- electricity production --- life cycle assessment --- carbon storage --- carbon capture and storage --- CO2 capture retrofitability --- TBAB --- supercritical CO2 --- hydrate --- membrane-assisted CO2 liquefaction --- micromorphology --- synthetic natural gas --- stability map --- carbon capture and storage (CCS) --- renewable power --- carbon density --- fossil fuels --- chilled ammonia --- CCS --- cement --- MEA-based absorption --- carbon capture --- energy dependence --- calcium looping --- CO2 separation --- CO2 pipeline --- flow instability --- CiteSpace --- anti-agglomerant
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This book discusses how to identify the level of adhesion in layered systems made of cement composites using a multi-scale approach based on experimental and numerical analyses. In particular, it explains 1. The suitability of previously used artificial intelligence tools and learning algorithms for reliable assessment of the level of adhesion of layered systems made of cement composites based on non-destructive tests 2. The development of the methodology for a reliable non-destructive evaluation of the level of adhesion in newly constructed layered systems of any overlay thickness and in existing layered systems made of cement composites 3. How to determine whether to assess the level of adhesion of the layered systems, and discusses the amplitude parameters, spatial, hybrid and volume parameters describing the morphology of the concrete substrate surface in the mesoscale 4. How to ascertain whether the effective surface area of the existing concrete substrate and the contribution of the exposed aggregate on this substrate, determined in mesoscale, have an impact on the level of adhesion of layered systems made of cement composites 5. The assessment of the structure of air pores in the microscale and the chemical composition of the cement composite on the nanoscale in the interphase zone together with the determination of their impact on the level of adhesion of layered systems made of cement composites 6. The development of an effective methodology for testing the level of adhesion of layered systems made of cement composites in a multi-scale approach, including the research methods and descriptors used.
Cement composites. --- Materials. --- Building construction. --- Mechanics. --- Mechanics, Applied. --- Structural Materials. --- Building Materials. --- Solid Mechanics. --- Applied mechanics --- Engineering, Mechanical --- Engineering mathematics --- Classical mechanics --- Newtonian mechanics --- Physics --- Dynamics --- Quantum theory --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Materials --- Structural materials. --- Building materials. --- Architectural materials --- Architecture --- Building --- Building supplies --- Buildings --- Construction materials --- Structural materials
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This book was proposed and organized as a means to present recent developments in the field of nondestructive testing of materials in civil engineering. For this reason, the articles highlighted in this editorial relate to different aspects of nondestructive testing of different materials in civil engineering—from building materials to building structures. The current trend in the development of nondestructive testing of materials in civil engineering is mainly concerned with the detection of flaws and defects in concrete elements and structures, and acoustic methods predominate in this field. As in medicine, the trend is towards designing test equipment that allows one to obtain a picture of the inside of the tested element and materials. From this point of view, interesting results with significance for building practices have been obtained
microstructure --- acoustic emission AE --- rebound hammer --- service life of a structure --- horizontal casting --- precipitation --- natural frequency --- reinforced concrete chimney --- diagnostic --- moisture safety --- adhesion assessment --- gantry crane --- stress wave --- materials research --- acoustic methods --- SEM-EDS analysis --- SilverSchmidt --- reinforced concrete grandstand stadium --- concrete strength --- autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) --- concrete elements --- reinforced concrete tanks --- degree of degradation --- fatigue tests --- X-ray micro-computed tomography --- GPR method --- defects --- singular value truncation --- ultrasonic tomography --- cement-based composites --- SEM --- moisture of AAC --- sulphate corrosion --- damage --- strengthening --- masonry structures --- eddy-current method --- non-destructive evaluation --- non-destructive testing --- NDT methods --- Structural Health Monitoring --- mercury intrusion porosimetry --- temperature --- vibration analysis --- cesium --- rebar location --- nanoindentation --- monitoring of structures --- RMF technique --- machine learning --- lead --- viscoelastic parameters --- structural tuning --- diagnostics --- resistance measurement --- thermal contrast --- non-destructive method --- destruction process --- asphalt mixtures --- solid-state NMR spectroscopy --- quasi brittle cement composites --- fibre-cement boards --- adhesive joints --- compressive strength --- nondestructive testing --- defect detection --- location of inclusions --- active thermography --- concrete strength prediction --- concrete mix design --- building materials --- micro-computed tomography --- adsorption --- timber structures --- scanning laser vibrometry --- durability --- ultrasonic wave --- surface complexation --- artificial neural networks --- civil engineering --- ultrasonic testing --- ultrasound tests --- acoustic emission --- cellulose fibre cement boards --- concrete --- excitation frequency --- data mining --- crowd-induced excitation --- ultrasound measurements --- wood moisture sensing --- acoustic spectrum --- thermovision --- corrosion processes --- four point bending beam --- spun concrete --- structural damage --- X-ray computed tomography --- waste brick dust --- concrete slabs and floorings --- mathematical morphology --- Burgers model --- pattern recognition --- brittle fracture --- data noise --- drilling resistance --- damage detection --- fiber cement boards --- thermography --- non-destructive methods --- concrete corrosion --- ultrasound --- Lamb waves --- deconvolution --- ultrasonic tests --- creep test --- shape and size of specimen --- building partition --- multiple feedbacks
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Photoactive nanomaterials have been receiving increasing attention due to their potential application in the light-driven degradation of water and gas-phase pollutants. However, to exploit the great potential of photoactive materials and access their properties requires fine-tuning of their size/shape-dependent chemical–physical properties, and on the ability to integrate them in photoreactors or to deposit them onto large surfaces. Therefore, the synthetic approach as well as post-synthesis manipulation could strongly affect the final photocatalytic properties of the nanomaterial. The aim of the present Special Issue is to report on the most recent progress towards the application of photoactive nanomaterials and nanomaterial-based coatings in pollutant degradation, paying particular attention to cases close to real application: scalable synthetic approaches to nanocatalysts, preparation of nanocatalyst-based coatings, degradation of real pollutants and bacterial inactivation, and application in building materials.
toxicity --- polar herbicide --- composite nanorods --- heterojunction --- degradation --- nanocomposites --- nanoparticles --- polyester --- TiO2 nanotube --- environmental remediation --- building materials --- hydroxyapatite --- VOCs --- reactive green 12 --- Pt loaded TiO2 --- nanomaterials --- expansion --- photocatalytic activity --- CuxO/TiO2 --- water remediation --- antimicrobial properties --- sputtering --- diclofenac --- mesoporous --- TiO2 --- advanced oxidation processes --- mortar --- disinfection --- HiPIMS --- microcracks --- Cu2O --- sulfate attack --- NOx --- photocatalysis --- blast furnace slag --- paraquat --- recalcitrant pollutants --- shell thickness --- water treatments --- visible light LEDs --- cement --- deterioration --- transformation products --- gas-phase pollutants --- titanium dioxide --- photoelectrocatalysis --- Z-scheme
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This Special Issue is aimed at presenting the state of the art of the multidisciplinary science concerning all aspects of volcanic plumes, of relevance to the volcanology, climatology, atmospheric science, and remote sensing communities.
alginate --- gas diffusion method --- bubble-column scrubber --- X-ray diffraction --- phosphorylated chitin --- calcite --- calcium carbonate --- sedimentary model --- composite --- urease --- Amu Darya Basin --- sericin --- aragonite --- ammonia bicarbonate --- capture --- hydrogels --- bacterial extracellular secretion --- MICP --- carbonation --- SEM --- multi-wall carbon nanotubes --- micromechanics --- Lessonia nigrescens --- biomineralization --- Bacillus subtilis --- CO2 --- Sporosarcina pasteurii --- CaCO3 --- mass-transfer coefficient --- hierarchic structure --- main controlling factors --- carbon dioxide --- surface energy --- Callovian-Oxfordian --- contact angle --- potentiometric titration --- xanthan --- cement --- crystallization --- nacre --- reservoir --- electrocrystallization
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